L-citrulline

L-Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid derived from watermelons.

L-Citrulline is a vasodilator which means it improves blood flow.

More oxygen and nutrients arrive in the muscle to help you squeeze out more reps.

It also means thicker pumps.

Creatine

Creatine draws more water into muscle cells, which can increase protein synthesis, giving the muscles a fuller appearance as our muscles are 80% water.

Our cells use a molecule called ATP as a primary energy source. By supplementing with creatine, you increase the reserves of CrP in your muscles. 

CrP donates its phosphate to ADP for rapid regeneration of ATP, which is particularly useful during short bursts of high-intensity activities like weightlifting or sprinting.

There have been countless studies on the muscle and exercise performance benefits of creatine which you can find online.

Glycerol

Glyzerol hyperhydrates muscles with water which can help improve endurance performance and reduce the risks of dehydration during prolonged activities.

Even a 2% reduction in body water weight can lead to reduced aerobic performance. 

Proper hydration helps maintain blood volume, ensuring the heart can deliver an adequate blood supply (and thus oxygen) to the muscles. If you're dehydrated, your blood volume can drop, increasing the heart rate and making exercise feel much harder.

Taking Glycerol pre-workout with 800ml of water makes sure your body has the fluids it needs to train to the maximum.

As muscles work during exercise, they produce waste products. Water helps flush these waste products out of the muscles and the body through urine, helping reduce muscle soreness and fatigue.

L-Tyrosine

L-Tyrosine is a nootropic that supports stress response, regulates mood and improves cognitive function. Studies have explored the potential benefits of L-Tyrosine supplementation for cognitive function, especially in challenging or stressful situations.

In short, it helps you get in the right mindset to go and smash personal bests under the weight. 

Black Pepper

Black pepper contains a compound called piperine, which enhances the absorption of all the other ingredients in this Pre-Workout.

Piperine increases the permeability of the intestinal wall, allowing more nutrients and compounds to pass into the bloodstream.